Photojournalism

Some Preliminary Questions __Questions of Definition. . .__ What is the difference between a photographer and a photojournalist? What is the difference between a fine art photograph and a documentary photograph?

__Personal Interaction Question. . .__ Can you think of a documentary photograph you've seen that changed the way you thought about things?

__Evaluative Question. . .__ What is the POWER of the the still image over the moving film?

PHOTOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION AND PRODUCTION Introduction to Representation  Technologies and Representation  Photographic Production

Have a Look and 'See', Maybe // a couple of lovely URLs to get you going. . . photo agencies and publications: // http://www.magnumphotos.com/ http://www.worldpressphoto.org/ for photostories: http://mediastorm.org/0023.htm an online photojournalism magazine: http://www.digitaljournalist.org/index.html US Library of Congress Archive: (migrant mother etc.): http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/listguid.html#history Pullitzer Prize Winners: http://www.pulitzer.org/bycat http://todayspictures.slate.com/20070619/

// . . . and a bit of a teaser question. . . // What is this controversial Spanish Civil War image that Robert Capa made all about, and what was the nature of the controversy?

Resources: Notable Photojournalists
 * Henri Cartier-Bresson**: http://www.magnumphotos.com/Archive/C.aspx?VP=XSpecific_MAG.StaticPage_VPage&SP=photographers_list&l1=0&XXAPXX=SubPanel0


 * Eve Arnold**: http://www.magnumphotos.com/Archive/C.aspx?VP=XSpecific_MAG.StaticPage_VPage&SP=photographers_list&l1=0&XXAPXX=SubPanel0

http://www.digitaljournalist.org/issue0302/gemerson.html http://rising.blackstar.com/remembering-larry-burrows.html
 * Larry Burrows**: http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0302/lb_intro.html

http://inmotion.magnumphotos.com/essay/warsgriffiths
 * Philip Jones Griffith** (re: ethics and photojournalism): http://www.saigon-gpdaily.com.vn/Culture_Art/2008/3/62300/


 * Don McCullin**: 'If your pictures aren't good enough, you're not close enough" (Robert Capa): have a read of the following essay on how far this applies to the work of Don McCullin: http://dbacon.igc.org/Art/03PolWar.html

"I have been manipulated, and I have in turn manipulated others, by recording their response to suffering and misery. So there is guilt in every direction: guilt because I don't practice religion, guilt because I was able to walk away, while this man was dying of starvation or being murdered by another man with a gun. And I am tired of guilt, tired of saying to myself: "I didn't kill that man on that photograph, I didn't starve that child." That's why I want to photograph landscapes and flowers. I am sentencing myself to peace."

Text and photos of an interview with McCullin where he discusses, among other things, his enduring sense of guilt and trespass, and why he photographs landscapes rather than wars these days. . . http://www.horvatland.com/pages/entrevues/06-mccullin-en_en.htm

http://www.kevincarterfilm.com/ (see below as well, Can a Photograph Change the World?)
 * Kevin Carter**: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FC7UyAN-jrY

http://www.newseum.org/warstories/interviews/mov/journalists/bio.asp?ID=40 more on Christianne Amanpour, the CNN correspondent in the Nachtwey doco, War Photographer: http://www.newseum.org/warstories/interviews/mov/journalists/bio.asp?id=23 http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2479/is_6_31/ai_n6181276?tag=content;col1 A recent time article on the Congo with a great portfolio of photographs by Nachtwey:
 * James Nachtwey**: http://www.jamesnachtwey.com/

__ WAR PHOTOGRAPHY: __1. History, key war photographers and issues: a good overview: 2. Same book as above: the chapter on the Vietnam War: 3. A great site with interviews with correspondents and photojournalists
 * Horst Faas:** http://www.newseum.org/warstories/interviews/mov/journalists/bio.asp?id=1
 * []

4. A good bibliography on texts to do with war photography, from an issue of the magazine, Afterimage: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2479/is_6_31/ai_n6126865?tag=content;col1 5. A short review of a collection of monologues by war photographers: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2479/is_6_31/ai_n6126864?tag=content;col1 __ Ethics and Values and Social Change: __ what moral guidelines should a photojournalist adhere to? when should a war photographer put down the camera and pick up a stretcher. . . or a gun? is war photography a kind of pornography? when are photographs of suffering mere voyeurism and when can they change the world?

1. An activity sheet that uses 3 of the most famous Vietnam War photographs to explore questions of **representation and cropping**:

2. A book with no pictures. . . probably the classic (and Australian!) title on the role the journalist (incl photojournalists) in war: **__The First Casualty:__** http://phillipknightley.com/category/books/ 'The first casualty of war is. . . .'

3. Quotes from the seminal text, **On Photography, by Susan Sontag**, a philosopher and cultural commentator:

4. A 2008 e-book on **photojournalism and ethics**: http://rising.blackstar.com/photojournalism-technology-and-ethics-whats-right-and-wrong-today

5. An essay by Carol Guzy, a contemporary Washington Post photojournalist, on **her motivation**, amidst all the ethical dilemnsa and the emotional costs of witnessing horror: Do you agree with her reasons? For more on the interesting photojournalist, see: http://www.newseum.org/warstories/interviews/mov/journalists/bio.asp?ID=10

6. A US site with pictures and commentary on the **use of casualty photographs**: http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-052005casualties-fl,1,6057203.flash

7. A selection of essays on **different aspects of ethics and photojournalism**: a) ethics re objectifying the subjecthttp://rising.blackstar.com/privileged-pov-closing-the-disparity-between-the-photographer-and-the-docum.html b) a brief history of photojournalism as social activism: http://rising.blackstar.com/your-camera-is-an-agent-for-change.html c) This one's a Master's thesis essay: a bit heavy but the references and case-studies are good: http://web.mit.edu/drb/Public/PhotoThesis/

8. A site with a range of essay on ethics and photojournalism: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2479/is_6_31/ai_n6189378/pg_3?tag=content;col1

__Portraiture and Photostories__: http://www.smh.com.au/interactive/2009/national/calling-australia-home/index.html

<span style="font-size: 150%; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; text-align: center; display: block;">Can a Photograph Change the World? Here are some famous documentary photographs that some have argued have changed the way people think. ..

NB: most of these photographs have become known by titles that were not given them by their producers (ie the photojournalist). Tank Man. A Vietcong expires, Wanting a Meal, Burning Girl etc. Why do you think this is? 'A Viet Cong Expires' Eddie Adams: Nguyễn Ngọc Loan executing Nguyễn Văn Lém on February 1, 1968 Full crop of this shot at: http://www.wsws.org/articles/2001/mar2001/adam-m26.jpg Eddie Adams comments: "The general killed the Viet Cong; I killed the general with my camera. Still photographs are the most powerful weapon in the world. People believe them; but photographs do lie, even without manipulation. They are only half-truths. What the photograph didn't say was, 'What would you do if you were the general at that time and place on that hot day, and you caught the so-called bad guy after he blew away one, two or three American people?" From: There Are Tears in My Eyes. Eddie Adams & the Most Famous Photo of the Vietnam War By Jonah Goldberg Online at: http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=M2QxNWY0N2ZkY2IxMWJhZGQ4MTU3ZjhlZjg3NTk0NzE= See also: http://www.newseum.org/warstories/interviews/mov/journalists/bio.asp?ID=22

'Tankman' 'Migrant Mother and Child'

Self-Immolation in Saigon http://www.geocities.com/tcartz/sacrifice.htm

'Wanting a Meal' Vulture and Child by Kevin Carter: http://www.flatrock.org.nz/topics/odds_and_oddities/ultimate_in_unfair.htm Some biographical background by a colleague of Carter's from his book: Cultural Impact: Song by UK band: note the comments. . . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7hw5NkSPvs

Another key image from S Africa: http://www.southafrica.info/about/history/hector-pieterson.htm From the US this time, but a key image that raised a similar issue: http://www.rethinkingschools.org/img/archive/20_02/RS_20_02_51.jpg 'Burning Girl' “Vietnamese photographer Nick Ut describes the day in June 1972 when he photographed a nine-year-old girl, Kim Phuc, fleeing her village after a napalm attack - a picture that won him a Pulitzer prize.” -BBC News http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4517597.stm

<span style="font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 150%; text-align: center; display: block;">Other Resources: http://www.neatorama.com/2007/01/02/13-photographs-that-changed-the-world/ http://photosthatchangedtheworld.com/ http://www.life.com/Life/